Initial firmware for ESP32-S3 six-channel soil moisture node
Implements ESP32_Soil_Moisture_Node_PRD.md on the VCC-GND Studio
YD-ESP32-S3 (ESP32-S3-WROOM-1) using Arduino via PlatformIO, publishing
to Home Assistant over MQTT with auto-discovery.
Two power profiles behind a compile-time switch (PRD 4):
-e mains always on, publishes every 60s
-e battery RTC wake, sample, publish, deep sleep 15min
PRD mitigations:
- All six probes on ADC1 (GPIO4-9); ADC2 is unusable while Wi-Fi is up.
- analogReadMilliVolts() for eFuse ADC calibration rather than raw counts.
- 16 samples per probe, sorted, 10% trimmed from each end, averaged.
- Per-probe two-point calibration; HW-390 output is inverted (dry reads
high), and an inverted config is rejected rather than silently producing
a backwards curve.
- MAC-derived node ID so identical binaries never collide on topics.
Design decisions that diverge from a literal reading of the PRD:
- Out-of-range probes publish null (HA "unknown") instead of clamping to
0%/100%. A cut Cat5 pair reads ~0mV, which clamps to a believable "very
dry" and would drive irrigation on wrong data.
- The battery profile uses expire_after rather than an availability topic;
a sleeping node is offline most of the time and would sit greyed out.
- AWAKE_BUDGET_MS forces deep sleep if a wake cycle overruns, covering
failure modes the per-step network timeouts miss (DHCP never issued,
CONNACK never sent) that would otherwise flatten the cell.
- docs/WIRING.md notes the 18650 cannot feed the probes directly: the
XC6206 LDO needs ~3.4V headroom, so a boost converter is required on the
switched side of the MOSFET.
Both profiles compile clean under -Wall. Not yet run on hardware; pin map,
MOSFET circuit and calibration defaults are unverified against a board.
Co-Authored-By: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
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<title id="t3">High-side P-channel MOSFET switch for the 5V sensor rail, driven through a 2N7002 inverting stage</title>
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<text class="ttl" x="20" y="30">Switched 5V sensor rail — high-side P-FET</text>
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<text class="s" x="20" y="49">A 3.3V GPIO cannot turn a P-FET on a 5V rail fully off. The 2N7002 inverting stage is what makes it work.</text>
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<!-- ============ +5V rail ============ -->
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<text class="h" x="60" y="100">+5V</text>
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<text class="s" x="98" y="100">from buck (mains) or boost converter (battery)</text>
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<!-- ============ 100k pull-up ============ -->
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<text class="m" x="212" y="174">100 kΩ</text>
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<text class="s" x="212" y="190">holds gate off</text>
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<!-- ============ P-channel MOSFET ============ -->
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<text class="h" x="416" y="206">P-channel</text>
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<text class="m" x="416" y="224">AO3401</text>
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<text class="s" x="416" y="242">or IRLML6402</text>
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<text class="pin" x="416" y="262">S ▲ G ◀ D ▼</text>
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<!-- P-FET source up to rail -->
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<text class="pin" x="472" y="172">S</text>
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<!-- P-FET gate left to node -->
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<text class="pin" x="380" y="234">G</text>
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<!-- P-FET drain down to output -->
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<text class="pin" x="472" y="292">D</text>
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<text class="h" x="500" y="322">+5V to Cat5 pin 2</text>
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<text class="s" x="500" y="350">sensors + battery-side boost load</text>
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<!-- ============ 2N7002 inverting stage ============ -->
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<text class="s" x="186" y="351">logic-level</text>
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<text class="pin" x="186" y="370">D ▲ G ◀ S ▼</text>
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<text class="pin" x="242" y="284">D</text>
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<!-- gate drive from GPIO14 -->
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<text class="h" x="20" y="318">GPIO14</text>
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<text class="pin" x="150" y="329">G</text>
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<!-- source to ground -->
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<text class="pin" x="242" y="396">S</text>
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<text class="h" x="60" y="440">GND</text>
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<text class="s" x="98" y="440">common star point with Cat5 pin 1</text>
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<!-- ============ truth table ============ -->
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<text class="m" x="34" y="477">GPIO14 HIGH → 2N7002 conducts → gate pulled low → rail ON · GPIO14 LOW or FLOATING → 100 kΩ pulls gate to 5V → rail OFF</text>
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